Bulk Mineralogy XRD
    X-ray Diffraction Mineralogy with Impact
        K/T GeoServices, Inc.
 
 
 
 
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Bulk (whole rock) analysis by XRD (X-ray diffraction).  This involves quantitative determination of rock-forming minerals and total clay minerals.  A final data table includes calculation of weight percent mineralogy.  Bulk only analysis is usually used with carbonate rocks or other rocks that have low clay content or when the clay mineralogy is unimportant.

A bulk analysis can be done by itself but it is usually combined with a clay analysis to completely characterize a sample.  A Bulk and Clay (<4 micron) XRD Analysis  involves quantitative determination of all rock-forming and clay/phyllosilicate minerals.  A final data table includes calculated weight percent and volume percent mineralogy and calculated grain density.  Also included is determination of mixed-layer clay types, ordering, and percent expandable interlayers (if any).

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Bulk minerals routinely analysed for are:
  • Quartz
  • Feldspars (K-Feldspar and Plagioclase Feldspar)
  • Carbonates (Calcite, Siderite, Dolomite, Ankerite)
  • Pyrite and Marcasite
  • Apatite
  • Amphibole and Pyroxene
    • X-ray Diffraction Data are used for:
    •  Weight% and volume% mineralogy
    •  Calculated grain densities and Vshale
    •  Multiple-size fraction clay mineral studies
    •  Mixed-layer clay characterization
    •  Drilling, completion and stimulation recommendations
    •  Clastic and carbonate diagenesis
    •  Shale diagenesis and thermal maturation
    •  Analysis of primary siliceous sediments
    •  Wireline log interpretation and calibration
    •  Volume percent mineralogy/density calculations
    •  Reservoir quality and sensitivity
    •  Completion and stimulation design
    •  Shale stability and drilling problems
    •  Produced solids and scale/corrosion products
    •  Drilling mud and frac sand analyses
    •  Clay and zeolite mineralogy of soils
    •  Analysis of synthetic and natural liner materials
    •  Ore mineralogy and hydrothermal deposits
    •  Mineral impurities in raw materials used in manufacturing
    •  Mineral impurities in coals